二(er)甲(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(別(bie)名(ming)：DMF)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)透明(ming)液(ye)體，能和水(shui)及(ji)大部分有機(ji)溶(rong)劑(ji)互溶(rong)。它是(shi)(shi)化(hua)學反應(ying)的(de)(de)常用溶(rong)劑(ji)。純二(er)甲(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)是(shi)(shi)沒有氣(qi)味的(de)(de)，但工業級(ji)或變質(zhi)的(de)(de)二(er)甲(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)則有魚腥味，因其含(han)有二(er)甲(jia)基(ji)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)的(de)(de)不純物(wu)。名(ming)稱來源是(shi)(shi)由于它是(shi)(shi)甲(jia)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(甲(jia)酸(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an))的(de)(de)二(er)甲(jia)基(ji)取代物(wu)，而二(er)個甲(jia)基(ji)都(dou)位于N(氮)原子(zi)上(shang)。二(er)甲(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)是(shi)(shi)高沸點的(de)(de)極性(親水(shui)性)非質(zhi)子(zi)性溶(rong)劑(ji)，能促進SN2反應(ying)機(ji)構的(de)(de)進行。 二(er)甲(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)是(shi)(shi)利(li)用蟻酸(suan)(suan)和二(er)甲(jia)基(ji)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)制(zhi)造的(de)(de)。二(er)甲(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)在(zai)強堿如(ru)氫(qing)氧化(hua)鈉或強酸(suan)(suan)如(ru)鹽酸(suan)(suan)或硫(liu)酸(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)存在(zai)下(xia)是(shi)(shi)不穩定的(de)(de)(尤(you)其在(zai)高溫下(xia))，并水(shui)解為(wei)蟻酸(suan)(suan)與(yu)二(er)甲(jia)基(ji)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)。

　　中文名稱二(er)甲基(ji)甲酰(xian)胺

　　CAS NO.68-12-2

　　中(zhong)文別(bie)名(ming) N,N-二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an);N-甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)胺(an)(an);甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)胺(an)(an);N.N-二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an);二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)替甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an);二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)醯胺(an)(an) 098-01 ;N,N-二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an) (分析級);N,N-二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an) (光譜級);無(wu)水N,N-二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an);N,N-二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an) DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE;DMF(N,N-二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an));LEDA HPLC二(er)(er)(er)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)

　　英文名(ming)稱(cheng) N,N-Dimethylformamide

　　英文(wen)別(bie)名 AKOS BBS-00004259; DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE; DMF; DMFA; FORMDIMETHYLAMIDE; FORMIC ACID DIMETHYLAMIDE; FORMYLDIMETHYLAMINE; N',N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE; amide,n,n-dimethyl-formicaci; Dimethylamid kyseliny mravenci; dimethylamidkyselinymravenci; dimethylamidkyselinymravenci(czech); Dimethylfomamide; Dimethylformamid; Dimetilformamide; Dimetylformamidu; dimetylformamidu(czech); dlmethylformamide; DMF (Amide)

　　EINECS 200-679-5

　　N,N-二甲基甲酰胺; Dimethylformamide; N,N-Dimethylformamide; DMF; CAS：68-12-2

　　理化性(xing)質：無色、淡(dan)的(de)氨氣味的(de)液體。分子(zi)式(shi)C3-H7-N-O。分子(zi)量73.10。相對密度0.9445(25℃)。熔(rong)點(dian)(dian)-61℃。沸點(dian)(dian)152.8℃。閃點(dian)(dian)57.78℃。蒸(zheng)氣密度2.51。蒸(zheng)氣壓0.49kpa(3.7mmHg25℃)。自燃點(dian)(dian)445℃。折射率(lv)1.42817，溶(rong)(rong)解度參數δ=12.1。蒸(zheng)汽與空(kong)氣混(hun)合(he)(he)物爆(bao)炸(zha)極(ji)限2.2～15.2 %。與水和(he)通常(chang)有機溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)混(hun)溶(rong)(rong),與石油(you)醚混(hun)合(he)(he)分層。遇明火、高熱可引起燃燒爆(bao)炸(zha)。能與濃(nong)硫酸、發煙硝酸劇(ju)烈反應(ying)甚至發生爆(bao)炸(zha)。危(wei)險標(biao)記 7(易燃液體) 主要用(yong)途 主要用(yong)作工(gong)業溶(rong)(rong)劑(ji)，醫藥(yao)工(gong)業上用(yong)于(yu)生產維生素、激(ji)素，也用(yong)于(yu)制(zhi)造殺蟲(chong)脒。

　　化學性質

　　【外觀(guan)性(xing)質(zhi)】無色液體，有微弱(ruo)的特殊臭味。

　　【溶解性】與水混溶，可混溶于多數有機(ji)溶劑。

　　【熔點 】-61 °C

　　【比旋光度 】0.94 o

　　【沸點 】153 °C(lit.)

　　【密(mi)度 】0.948 g/mL at 20 °C

　　【蒸氣(qi)密(mi)度】2.5 (vs air)

　　【蒸氣壓(ya)】2.7 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

　　【折射率 】n20/D 1.430(lit.)

　　【閃點 】136 °F

　　【儲存條件 】Store at RT.

　　【水溶(rong)解性(xing) 】soluble

　　【敏感性 】Hygroscopic

　　【Merck 】14,3243

　　【BRN 】605365

　　【比旋(xuan)光度 】0.94°

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